Reusing wastewater and solid residues in agriculture for crop irrigation and fertilization is nowadays considered an effective management tool for agricultural resources. Reuse merits consideration because the practice helps decrease water use pressure, moderates water pollution and facilitates recycling practices. Such practices are performed since ancient times, but improper management presents a risk to public and environmental health.
The risks associated with the different routes of exposure, properties of exposed ecosystems and concentrations of various physicochemical and microbiological parameters limit the reuse. Therefore, the potential of recycling such wastes and its transfer from a pollutant to an agricultural water source, biofertilizer or other applications are still under debate. The benefits of such strategies have to be compared to its risk case to case, and adverse effects limit the reuse.
The risks associated with the different routes of exposure, properties of exposed ecosystems and concentrations of various physicochemical and microbiological parameters limit the reuse. Therefore, the potential of recycling such wastes and its transfer from a pollutant to an agricultural water source, biofertilizer or other applications are still under debate. The benefits of such strategies have to be compared to its risk case to case, and adverse effects limit the reuse.